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Surgical cases involve invasive procedures to treat medical conditions, while anesthesia ensures patient comfort and immobility through pain relief and sedation SURGICAL CASES Surgical cases involve invasive procedures to treat medical conditions, while anesthesia ensures patient comfort and immobility through pain relief and sedation Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (open) Abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery: repairing or replacing weakened aorta section to prevent rupture, using and open technique Learn About AAA Repair Abdominal Endovascular Aneurysm (EVAR) EVAR repair: minimally invasive procedure using a stent-graft to reinforce and support the weakened aortic wall, preventing rupture Learn About EVAR Ablation for SVT or VT Ablation for SVT/VT: minimally invasive procedure using catheters to selectively destroy problematic heart tissue, restoring normal electrical conduction Learn About Ablation Amputation - Below the knee (BKA) Surgical removal of a leg at the knee joint due to trauma, infection, or disease Learn About Amputation Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) repair ACL repair: surgical reconstruction of torn knee ligament, restoring stability, function, and preventing further injury Learn About ACL repair Arthroscopy - Knee Knee arthroscopy: minimally invasive procedure using a camera and instruments through small incisions to diagnose and treat knee issues Learn About Knee Arthroscopy Anal Rectal Procedures Anal and rectal procedures are medical interventions that address issues related to the anus and rectum. These can include diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical procedures Learn About Procedures Appendectomy Surgical removal of the appendix, usually due to inflammation or infection Learn About Appendectomy Arthroscopy - Shoulder Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure using a small camera to diagnose and treat shoulder joint conditions Learn About Shoulder Arthroscopy Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) ACDF is a surgical procedure removing damaged intervertebral disc, relieving spinal cord/nerve root compression, and fusing adjacent vertebrae for stability Learn About ACDF Arteriovenous access for hemodialysis Arteriovenous access connects an artery and vein, creating a high-flow site for efficient hemodialysis Learn About Arteriovenous Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) Axillary node dissection is a surgical procedure performed to remove lymph nodes from the axillary (armpit) region of the body Learn About ALDN Bilateral Salpingo Oopherectomy (BSO) BSO is a surgical procedure removing both fallopian tubes and ovaries, typically for cancer prevention, treatment, or other conditions Learn About BSO Bronchoscopy Bronchoscopy is a diagnostic procedure using a flexible tube with a camera to examine airways and lungs for abnormalities Learn About Bronch Carotid Endarterectomy Carotid endarterectomy is a surgery to remove plaque buildup in the carotid artery, preventing stroke and improving blood flow Learn About CEA Cesarean Section Cesarean section is a surgical procedure to deliver a baby through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus Learn About C-section Colonoscopy Colonoscopy is a diagnostic procedure using a flexible tube with a camera to examine the colon for abnormalities Learn About Colonoscopy Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) ERCP is a procedure using an endoscope and X-rays to diagnose and treat problems in the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, and pancreas Learn About ERCP Breast Lumpectomy Breast lumpectomy is a surgery that removes a breast tumor and surrounding tissue, conserving most of the breast Learn About Lumpectomy Bunionectomy Bunionectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a bunion, a bony bump at the base of the big toe, relieving pain Learn About Bunion Carpal Tunnel Release Carpal tunnel release is a surgery to alleviate pressure on the median nerve by cutting the transverse carpal ligament Learn About CTR Breast Reconstruction Breast reconstruction is a surgical procedure to rebuild the breast's shape and appearance after mastectomy or lumpectomy Learn About Breast Cardioversion Cardioversion is a medical procedure using electrical shocks to restore normal heart rhythm in arrhythmia patients Learn About Cardioversion Cervical Cerclage Cervical cerclage is a surgical procedure placing stitches in the cervix to prevent premature opening during pregnancy Learn About Cerclage Cholecystectomy (Laparoscopic) Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgery to remove the gallbladder using small incisions and a laparoscope Learn About Cholecystectomy Colectomy Colectomy is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of the colon, treating various diseases, including colon cancer Learn About Colectomy Cystoscopy Cystoscopy is a diagnostic procedure using a thin tube with a camera to examine the bladder and urinary tract Learn About Cystoscopy Dilation And Curettage (D&C) Dilation and Curettage (D&C) is a procedure where the cervix is dilated and a special instrument is used to scrape the uterine lining for medical or surgical reasons. Learn About D&C Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) EGD is a diagnostic procedure using an endoscope to examine the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of the small intestine Learn About EGD Exploratory Laparotomy Exploratory laparotomy is a surgical procedure allowing doctors to inspect the abdomen to diagnose and treat potential health issues Learn About Exp Lap Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy is a non-invasive treatment that uses sound waves to break down kidney stones Learn About ESWL Femoral Artery Endarterectomy Femoral artery endarterectomy is a surgical procedure removing plaque from the femoral artery to improve blood flow to the legs Learn About Femoral Endarterectomy Femorofemoral Bypass, Fempop Bypass & Femtib Bypass Surgery rerouting blood flow around blocked femoral artery, connecting one femoral artery to another artery Gastric Bypass (Roux en Y) Gastric bypass (Roux-en-Y) is a weight-loss surgery, reducing stomach size and rerouting food past a portion of the small intestine Learn About Roux En Y Gastric Sleeve Gastric Sleeve involves removing approximately 85% of the stomach, leaving a narrow, tube-like portion, or "sleeve" Learn About Gastric Sleeve Gastrostomy Tube Insertion Gastrostomy tube insertion is a procedure to place a feeding tube directly into the stomach through the abdominal wall Learn About Gastrostomy Hemorrhoidectomy Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure for removing hemorrhoids, swollen blood vessels located in or around the anus and rectum Learn About Hemorrhoidectomy Hydrocelectomy Hydrocelectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a hydrocele, a fluid-filled sac causing swelling in the scrotum Learn About Hydrocelectomy Hysteroscopy Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure using a hysteroscope to examine the uterus's interior for diagnosis or treatment Learn About Hysteroscopy Hysterectomy Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure for removing the uterus, often including the cervix, and occasionally the ovaries and fallopian tubes Learn About Hysterectomy Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Placement Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filter placement is a procedure to implant a device in the IVC vein, preventing pulmonary embolism Learn About IVC Filter Inguinal Hernia Repair Kyphoplasty & Vertebroplasty Inguinal hernia repair is a surgery to fix a hernia in the lower abdomen or groin, reinforcing the weakened area Learn About Inguinal Hernia Liposuction Liposuction is a cosmetic surgery removing excess body fat from specific areas to reshape and contour the body. Kyphoplasty: Minimally invasive surgery inflating a balloon in a compressed vertebra, then injecting bone cement. Vertebroplasty: Procedure injecting bone cement into fractured vertebra to relieve pain and restore function Learn About Vertebral Augmentation Lobectomy Lung lobectomy is a surgery that removes a lobe of the lung, often performed to treat conditions like lung cancer. Learn About Liposuction Mastectomy Mastectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both breasts, often performed to treat or prevent breast cancer Learn About Mastectomy Mediastinoscopy Mediastinoscopy is a procedure using a scope to examine the mediastinum, the area between the lungs, often to biopsy lymph nodes Learn About Mediastinoscopy Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Removal Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Removal is a procedure to extract an IVC filter, previously implanted to prevent pulmonary embolism Learn About IVC Filter Removal Leep Procedure LEEP procedure (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) is a treatment removing abnormal cervical tissue to prevent cervical cancer Learn About LEEP Lumbar Laminectomy Lumbar laminectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part of the vertebral bone (lamina) in the lower back, relieving nerve pressure Learn About Lumbar Laminetomy Myringotomy Myringotomy is a procedure where a small incision is made in the eardrum to relieve pressure or drain ear fluid Learn About Myringotomy Nephrectomy Nephrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part or all of a kidney, often due to disease or kidney donation Learn About Nephrectomy Parathyroidectomy Parathyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or more of the parathyroid glands, typically to treat hyperparathyroidism Learn About Parathyroidectomy Posterior Cervical Fusion Posterior cervical fusion is a surgery to join select bones in the neck, providing stability and relieving spinal cord pressure Learn About PCF Nissen Fundoplication Nissen Fundoplication is a surgical procedure to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by wrapping the stomach around the esophagus Learn About Nissen Fundoplication Pacemaker Pacemaker insertion is a procedure where a small device is implanted under the skin to regulate the heart's electrical activity Learn About Pacemaker Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive procedure to remove large kidney stones through a small back incision Learn About Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Portacath/Mediport Insertion Portacath insertion is a procedure to implant a venous access device under the skin, facilitating long-term intravenous medication delivery Learn About Portacath/Mediport Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Sentinel lymph node biopsy is a procedure to identify and remove the first lymph node(s) cancer may spread from the primary site Learn About SLNB Septoplasty & Rhinoplasty Septoplasty is a surgical procedure to correct a deviated septum, improving nasal breathing by straightening the partition in the nose Learn About Septoplasty & Rhinoplasty Spinal Cord Stimulator Temporal Artery Biopsy Spinal Cord Stimulator is an implantable device delivering electrical pulses to the spinal cord, managing chronic pain conditions. Temporal artery biopsy is a procedure where a small section of the temporal artery is removed and examined for vasculitis. Learn About Spinal Cord Stimulator Learn About Temporal Artery Biopsy Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy (T&A) Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy (T&A) is a surgery to remove the tonsils and adenoids, often to treat recurrent infections or breathing issues. Learn About T&A Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is a surgical procedure to replace a worn or damaged hip joint with an artificial one Learn About THA Thyroidectomy Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to partially or entirely remove the thyroid gland, often due to cancer, goiter, or hyperthyroidism Learn About Thyroidectomy Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgery replacing a damaged knee joint with an artificial one to restore function and relieve pain Learn About TKA Tracheostomy Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure creating a hole in the neck into the trachea, providing an alternative airway for breathing Learn About Tracheostomy Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure replacing a diseased aortic valve without open-heart surgery Learn About TAVR Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) is a diagnostic procedure using an ultrasound probe in the esophagus to visualize heart structures Learn About TEE Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT) TURBT is a surgical procedure to diagnose and treat bladder cancers by removing tumors via the urethra, often using electrocautery Learn About TURBT Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) TURP is a surgical procedure to alleviate urinary symptoms by removing part of the enlarged prostate gland through the urethra Learn About TURP Umbilical Hernia Repair Ureteroscopy Umbilical hernia repair is surgery to fix an umbilical hernia, a protrusion of the abdomen through the belly button area Ureteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure using a thin scope to examine or treat problems in the ureters and kidneys Learn About Umbilical Hernia Learn About Ureteroscopy Ventral Hernia Repair Vitrectomy Ventral hernia repair is a surgical procedure to correct a bulge or tear in the abdominal wall (ventral hernia) Learn About Ventral Hernia Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the vitreous humor gel from the eye to treat various retinal conditions Learn About Vitrectomy Tympanoplasty Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a damaged eardrum or middle ear bones to improve hearing and prevent infections Learn About Tympanoplasty Vasectomy A vasectomy is a surgical procedure for male sterilization or permanent contraception, by cutting or sealing the vas deferens. Learn About Vasectomy Watchman Procedure The Watchman procedure is a minimally invasive surgery that implants a device in the left atrial appendage to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation Learn About Watchman Whipple Procedure (Pancreaticoduodenectomy) Whipple Procedure, or Pancreaticoduodenectomy, is a major surgery removing parts of the pancreas, duodenum, and gallbladder to treat pancreatic diseases Learn About Whipple

Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine, diagnose, and treat various conditions within the shoulder joint. An arthroscope, a small camera attached to a thin, flexible tube, is inserted through a small incision in the skin, allowing the surgeon to visualize the joint and surrounding structures on a monitor. This procedure is performed under general or regional anesthesia, depending on the patient and the specific condition being treated. Back to Surgical Tips Randale Sechrest Shoulder Anatomy Animated University of Kentucky Orthopedics & Anesthesia Pocket Pimped: Orthopedic Surgery The Basics of Shoulder Arthroscopy NUSGRA Ultrasound guided interscalene The Noted Anatomist Brachial Plexus NYSORA INTERSCALENE BLOCK: DON'T DO THIS!

Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows orthopedic surgeons to examine and treat issues within the knee joint. It involves the use of an arthroscope, a small, flexible tube with a camera and light source at its end, to visualize the internal structures of the knee joint without the need for large incisions. The procedure is commonly used to diagnose and treat various knee problems, such as torn meniscus, damaged cartilage, ligament injuries, or inflammation Back to Surgical Tips Armando Hasudungan Clinical Anatomy - Knee Orthochannel Knee Arthroscopy Malek Racy Knee Arthroscopy - Teaching Video

An appendectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the appendix, a small, tube-like structure attached to the large intestine (colon) in the lower right side of the abdomen. The appendix has no known essential function in the human body, but it can become inflamed or infected, leading to a condition called appendicitis Back to Surgical Tips The Surgery Squad Laparoscopic Appendectomy Osmosis Appendicitis Zero to Finals Appendicitis

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair is a surgical procedure to reconstruct or repair a torn ACL in the knee. The ACL is one of the four main ligaments in the knee that connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone), providing stability and allowing for proper knee movement. ACL injuries are common in athletes and can occur due to sudden changes in direction, awkward landings, or direct contact to the knee Back to Surgical Tips Therapia Physiotherapy ACL Reconstruction Surgery BertramZarinsMD ACL Reconstruction Animation University of Kentucky Lower Extremity Nerve Blocks

Arteriovenous (AV) access for hemodialysis is a crucial component of treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hemodialysis involves filtering the patient's blood through a dialysis machine to remove waste products, excess fluids, and electrolytes when the kidneys are no longer able to function effectively. To facilitate this, an AV access is created to allow for easy, repetitive, and efficient blood flow between the patient and the dialysis machine Back to Surgical Tips Kentucky University Anesthesia Anesthesia Renal Keyword Review Kentucky University Anesthesia Keyword Review: Renal Dysfunction Altose Anesthesia Renal Physiology and Anesthesia

Sevoflurane is a widely used volatile anesthetic known for rapid induction and emergence. Learn dosing, MAC values, side effects, and clinical pearls for anesthesia practice

Esmolol is a cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) with a short half-life, making it particularly useful in the context of anesthesia Back to Pharmacology ICU Advantage Esmolol USLME pass Beta Blockers Drug Chug Beta Blockers

Uteroplacental physiology explained for anesthesia providers, including maternal–fetal circulation, oxygen delivery, placental perfusion, determinants of uteroplacental blood flow, effects of anesthesia drugs, and implications for obstetric anesthesia and fetal well-being.

Protamine is a small, highly basic protein derived from fish sperm that is used primarily to reverse the effects of heparin, an anticoagulant drug Back to Pharmacology Ninja Nerd Hemostasis AltoseAnesthesia Heparin and Protamine Ilovepharmacology Protamine

Nitrous Oxide is an inhaled anesthetic gas with rapid onset, analgesic properties, and low potency. Review MAC, contraindications, diffusion hypoxia, and anesthesia uses.